Antarctica is the coldest and driest continent on Earth, with approximately 98% of its surface covered in ice. This vast ice sheet is made up of around 90% of the world's ice and holds about 70% of the planet's fresh water. The average thickness of the ice sheet is about 1.9 kilometers, with some areas reaching up to 4.7 kilometers thick.

The Antarctic ice sheet is constantly moving, flowing towards the coast where it breaks off into icebergs. This process, known as calving, is a natural part of the ice sheet's lifecycle. However, in recent years, scientists have observed an increase in calving events due to rising global temperatures.

As the Earth's climate warms, the Antarctic ice sheet is melting at an alarming rate. In fact, studies have shown that Antarctica is losing ice at a rate of 127 gigatonnes per year. This rapid ice loss has significant implications for sea level rise and global climate patterns.

If current trends continue, it is estimated that the Antarctic ice sheet could contribute up to 15 centimeters of sea level rise by the end of the century. This would have devastating consequences for coastal communities around the world, leading to increased flooding and erosion.

Scientists are closely monitoring the Antarctic ice sheet to better understand how it is responding to climate change. By studying ice cores, satellite data, and field observations, researchers are able to track changes in the ice sheet over time and make predictions about future sea level rise.

For more information on the percentage of Antarctica that is ice, you can visit the National Geographic website. They have a wealth of resources on Antarctica's ice sheet and the impact of climate change on the region.

In conclusion, Antarctica is a frozen wilderness that is home to a vast ice sheet covering 98% of its surface. As global temperatures rise, the Antarctic ice sheet is melting at an alarming rate, with significant implications for sea level rise and global climate patterns. It is essential that we continue to study and monitor the Antarctic ice sheet to better understand its role in the Earth's climate system.

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