The calendar devised in 1582 was the Gregorian calendar. This calendar was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII as a reform to the Julian calendar, which had been in use since 45 BC. The Gregorian calendar was implemented to correct inaccuracies in the Julian calendar, particularly in relation to the timing of the spring equinox and Easter.

The Gregorian calendar made several adjustments to the Julian calendar. One of the main changes was the adjustment to the length of the year. The Julian calendar had a leap year every four years, leading to an excess of leap days over time. The Gregorian calendar adjusted this by omitting leap years in years ending in "00" unless they were divisible by 400. This correction helped to bring the calendar more in line with the solar year.

The introduction of the Gregorian calendar was not immediately adopted worldwide. It took several centuries for different countries to transition to the new calendar system. For example, Great Britain and its colonies did not switch to the Gregorian calendar until 1752. This transition involved skipping several days to align with the new calendar.

Today, the Gregorian calendar is the most widely used calendar in the world. It is used in most countries for civil purposes and is the internationally accepted calendar for business and communication. The Gregorian calendar consists of 12 months, with each month having either 30 or 31 days, except for February which has 28 days in common years and 29 days in leap years.

Overall, the Gregorian calendar devised in 1582 has become the standard calendar used globally. Its adjustments have helped to improve the accuracy of timekeeping and ensure consistency in date-keeping across different regions. To learn more about the Gregorian calendar and its history, you can visit History.com or Wikipedia.

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