During the reign of the Hafsids, the city of Tunis became the Arab world's leading metropolis. This North African city flourished under the rule of the Hafsids, who were a Berber dynasty that ruled from the 13th to the 16th century. Tunis became a hub of commerce, culture, and intellectual pursuits, attracting scholars, traders, and artisans from across the Arab world. The Hafsids transformed Tunis into a thriving urban center, with bustling markets, grand mosques, and impressive palaces. The city's strategic location on the Mediterranean coast made it a key trading port, connecting North Africa to Europe and the Middle East. Tunis became known for its vibrant souks, where exotic goods from distant lands were bought and sold. One of the most significant developments during the Hafsids' rule was the establishment of the University of Ez-Zitouna in Tunis. This prestigious institution became a renowned center of learning in the Arab world, attracting scholars and students from far and wide. The university played a crucial role in the dissemination of knowledge and the preservation of Arab culture and traditions. Tunis also became a center of Islamic art and architecture during the Hafsids' reign. The city's skyline was dotted with magnificent minarets, domed mosques, and ornate palaces. The Hafsids were great patrons of the arts, commissioning beautiful works of calligraphy, ceramics, and textiles that showcased the city's cultural richness. Today, Tunis remains a vibrant city that bears the legacy of its illustrious past. Visitors can explore the historic medina, a UNESCO World Heritage site filled with narrow alleyways, ancient mosques, and traditional houses. The Bardo Museum, housed in a former palace, showcases a rich collection of Roman mosaics and Islamic artifacts. For more information on the history of Tunis under the Hafsids, visit [www.tunisia.com/history/hafsids-tunis](www.tunisia.com/history/hafsids-tunis). Discover the city's cultural heritage and architectural wonders that continue to captivate visitors from around the world. Tunis truly stands as a testament to the Hafsids' legacy as the Arab world's leading metropolis.

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