Scotland was known as Caledonia in Roman times. The Romans referred to the land north of Hadrian's Wall as Caledonia, believed to have derived from the Celtic word "Caledonii" which was the name of the tribe that inhabited the area.

During the Roman occupation of Britain, Caledonia was considered a wild and untamed land, inhabited by fierce tribes that resisted Roman rule. The Romans made several attempts to conquer Caledonia, but were ultimately unsuccessful in fully subduing the region.

For more information on the Roman name for Scotland, you can visit Britannica's Scotland History page.

Despite their failure to fully conquer Caledonia, the Romans did establish a series of forts and settlements in the area, most notably at sites such as Inveresk and Ardoch. These Roman outposts served as bases for Roman military campaigns in the region.

If you're interested in learning more about the Roman presence in Scotland, you can check out Historic Environment Scotland's page on the Standing Stones of Caledonia.

Today, the legacy of the Romans in Scotland can still be seen in the numerous archaeological sites and artifacts that have been discovered throughout the country. These remnants of Roman occupation serve as a reminder of the ancient history of Scotland and the interactions between the different cultures that once inhabited the land.

For further reading on the Roman name for Scotland and its significance, you can explore Scottish History's article on Caledonia.

In conclusion, the Roman name for Scotland was Caledonia, a land that remained unconquered by the Romans but which still bears the traces of their presence to this day.

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