The ocean of air that surrounds the Earth is known as the atmosphere. This vast expanse of gases, comprising mainly of nitrogen, oxygen, and traces of other elements, extends for hundreds of kilometers above the Earth's surface. The atmosphere plays a crucial role in supporting life on our planet, regulating temperature, protecting us from harmful radiation, and facilitating weather patterns.

Composed of distinct layers, the atmosphere is divided into five main regions. The troposphere, closest to the Earth's surface, is where weather occurs and is the layer we inhabit. As we ascend, we encounter the stratosphere, where the ozone layer is located, shielding us from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Beyond the stratosphere lies the mesosphere, followed by the thermosphere, which experiences extremely high temperatures due to its proximity to the sun. Lastly, the exosphere marks the outermost layer, gradually merging with outer space.

The atmosphere is a dynamic system, constantly in motion. It circulates heat, moisture, and gases through various mechanisms. Winds are generated by differences in air pressure, resulting in the movement of air masses. The uneven heating of the Earth's surface drives the formation of distinct weather patterns, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and monsoons. Additionally, the atmosphere transports moisture, leading to the creation of clouds and precipitation that nourish the Earth's ecosystems.

Understanding the composition and behavior of the atmosphere is crucial for scientists studying climate change. Human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, have led to an increase in greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, causing the Earth's temperature to rise. This phenomenon, known as global warming, has far-reaching consequences for our planet, including rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and disruption of ecosystems.

In conclusion, the ocean of air surrounding the Earth is called the atmosphere. This complex system of gases sustains life on our planet and regulates our climate. By studying and protecting the atmosphere, we can ensure a sustainable future for generations to come.

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